1. (A) Choose the right option and rewrite the
(1) ………………………………. was named as the first Chairman of atomic energy commission.
(a) Dr Homi Bhabha (b) Dr Homi Sethna (c) Dr A.P.J. Abdul Kalam (d) Dr Raja Ramanna
Ans. Dr Homi Bhabha
(2) ……………………. was the first completely indigenous communication satellite made by ISRO.
(a) Aryabhatt (b) Insat 1 B (c) Rohini-75 (d) APPLE
Ans. APPLE
1. (B) Identify the wrong pair.
(1) Prithvi – surface to surface ballistic missile
(2) Agni – surface to underwater ballistic missile
(3) Akash – from surface to air attacking missile
(4) Nag – anti-tank missile
Ans. Wrong pair: Agni – surface to underwater ballistic missile
*Corrected one: Agni – surface to surface ballistic missile
* Not Asked Here
2. (A) Prepare a timeline of the progress of India in science and technology.
2. (B) Explain the following concepts.
(1) Space research
Ans.
(1) In 1961, Indian National Committee for Space Research (NCSR) launched India’s first research rocket from Thumba Equatorial Launch Center in Thumba in the State of Kerala.
(2) In 1969, our indigenously built rocket Rohini-75 was successfully launched. The next stage was the successful launch of the first Indian satellite Aryabhatta in 1975 with help from the Soviet Union.
(3) This success proved that Indian scientists can indigenously build and launch a satellite.
(2) Telex service
Ans.
(1) The Department of telecommunications under the ministry of Communications started the telex service in 1963 to transmit typed messages from one part of the country to another rapidly.
(2) In 1969, the telex service started in Devanagari script in Delhi. Later it spread all over the country.
(3) This service began to be used in different fields.
(4) With the rise of internet after 1990, the significance of this service reduced.
3. Explain the following with reasons.
(1) Pandit Nehru established the Atomic Energy Commission.
Ans.
(1) India’s first Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru wanted to nurture a scientific temper and bring about the nation’s progress.
(2) From this perspective, he set up the Indian Atomic Energy Commission on 10th August 1948 under the Chairmanship of Dr. Homi Bhabha.
(2) India decided to conduct nuclear tests.
Ans.
(1) India decided to conduct nuclear tests because of China’s nuclear capability and Pakistan’s desperate efforts to acquire nuclear weapons with China’s help.
(2) In 1974, India successfully conduct its first nuclear test in Pokharan, Rajasthan with the objective to using nuclear energy for peaceful purposes and self-sufficiency.
(3) USA imposed economic sanctions on India.
Ans.
(1) On 11th May 1998, India carried out its second nuclear test to prove its nuclear preparedness.
(2) Three tests were done on this day.
(3) One of them was of the Hydrogen Bomb; Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee assured that there would be no first use of nuclear weapons by India.
(4) But the USA imposed economic sanctions on India immediately.
4. Write the answers in 25 to 30 words.
(1) Write about Pokhran nuclear test.
Ans.
(1) India successfully performed her first nuclear test at Pokharan in Rajasthan on 18th May 1974 in consonance with the policy of using nuclear energy for peaceful purposes and for selfsufficiency.
(2) Pokharan was chosen on the basis of the required criteria for the location of the nuclear tests : far away from human settlement and no ground water reserves.
(2) For which sector was Bhaskar–1 satellite expected to be useful?
Ans.
(1) Bhaskar–1 satellite was useful for India’s development regarding water bodies, mineral deposits and weather forecasting.
(2) It was the first Experimental Remote Sensing Satellite built in India.
(3) It was used for oceanographic studies.
5. Write in brief.
(1) Which of the everyday services are influenced by the satellite technology?
Ans. The following everyday services are influenced by the satellite technology:
(1) Television
(2) Defence security
(3) Navigation
(4) Internet
(5) Telecommunication
(6) Radio broadcast etc.
(2) Why is Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam called as the ‘Missile Man’?
Ans.
(1) In 1988, India successfully tested the missile Prithvi and in 1989, the missile Agni.
(2) The entire world took note of India’s programme of developing nuclear missiles indigenously.
(3) Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) was conceived by and carried out under the leadership of Dr A.P.J. Abdul Kalam.
(4) He was the leader of Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO).
(4) Dr Kalam has made a great contribution in the production of missiles.
(5) He is known as the father of India’s missile programme and also referred to as the ‘Missile Man’ of India.
(3) How one can do computerized reservation for rail travel?
Ans.
(1) We can book rail tickets online through the official app of IRCTC called ‘irctc rail connect’ or directly through the ‘irctc website’ or even through many other redirecting Apps.
(2) In order to book rail tickets online you need to have an irctc account.
(3) After creating account, just login and one can easily understand the further procedure.
(4) Finally we have to make payment through net banking, debit card, credit card, wallets, etc.
(4) Write the key features of Konkan Railway.
Ans.
(1) Konkan Railways was started in 1998.
(2) It stretches over four States (Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka & Kerala) over a distance of 760 km.
(3) It has 12 tunnels, 179 big and 1819 small bridges.
(4) India’s tallest bridge (64m tall) is on this line over River Panval near Ratnagiri.
(5) It’s a landslide prone zone, thus to avoid accidents sensors are fitted to the railway engines to detect topographic causalities.