🌟MISSION – MERIT Booklet Solutions 🌟
WORKING OF THE CONSTITUTION
Q.1 (A) Complete the sentences by choosing correct option.
1) In Maharashtra 50% seats are reserved for women in local self-governing institution.
→ Answer: d) 50%
2) The essence of Democracy is Decentralization of Power.
→ Answer: b) Decentralization of Power
3) Men and women above 18 years of age can vote in India.
→ Answer: b) 18
4) Local self-governing institutions got recognition because of 73rd and 74th Amendment to the constitution.
→ Answer: b) Local self-governing institutions
5) Parliament can make amendments to the constitution.
→ Answer: d) Parliament
Q.1 (B) STATE WHETHER THE FOLLOWING STATEMENT ARE TRUE OR FALSE AND GIVE REASON TO YOUR ANSWER:
1. Indian democracy is considered the largest democracy in the world.
Answer: True
Reason:
(1) The Indian Constitution guaranteed adult suffrage to both men and women above the age of 21 years (later reduced to 18).
(2) India has the largest number of voters compared to any other democratic nation.
2. Secrecy in the working of government has increased due to the Right to Information.
Answer: False
Reason:
(1) Increased communication between citizens and government helps strengthen democracy by building trust.
(2) Citizens have a right to know about the working and activities of the government.
3. The nature of the Constitution is seen as a living document.
Answer: True
Reason:
(1) The Constitution is dynamic and changes according to changing conditions.
(2) Parliament has the power to make those changes.
Q.2. EXPLAIN THE FOLLOWING CONCEPT.
1. Right based Approach:
Ans. (1) After independence, progress was made towards democratization of India. (2) Development in recent decades is considered as the right of citizens. (3) These rights have strengthened democracy in India.
2. Right to Information:
Ans. (1) RTI was introduced in 2005. (2) Citizen empowerment is an essential condition of democracy. (3) It creates opportunities for participation and interaction with the government, ensuring transparency and accountability.
3. Decentralization of Democracy:
Ans. (1) Decentralization of power is central to democratic government. (2) It controls misuse of power and creates opportunities for political participation by the common people.
Q.3. WRITE SHORT NOTES
1. Provision regarding Minorities:
Ans. (1) The Indian Constitution has made several provisions for the protection of minorities. (2) Different policies about providing opportunities are made for education and employment. (3) Discrimination on the basis of caste, religion, race, language, and region is prohibited.
2. Women representation in the Lok Sabha:
Ans. (1) From the very beginning, women had less representation in politics. (2) The 73rd and 74th amendments reserved 33% of seats for women in local bodies, later increased to 50% in many states including Maharashtra. (3) The perspective towards women’s participation is changing in India and other countries.
Q.4. COMPLETE THE CONCEPT CHARTS
1. Laws Passed for liberation and progress of women:
1. Dowry Prohibition Act
2. Domestic Violence Prohibition Act
3. Right to have equal share in property
4. Act against sexual harassment
2. Provision of the basic framework of Constitution: (fill in all the four boxes given in booklet)
– Secularism and supremacy of the constitution
– Federal structure of the Constitution
– Sovereignty of the nation
– Promotion of unity and integrity of the nation
Q.5. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS
1. What are the effects of reducing the voting age from 21 years to 18 years?
Ans. (1) It provides an opportunity for political participation to the younger generation in India. (2) This provision has made India the largest democratic nation in the world.
2. What is meant by establishment of Social Justice?
Ans. (1) The Constitution aims to establish a society based on justice and equality. (2) Efforts by the government and its policies strengthen social justice and equality.
3. Which laws/provisions of the Constitution have created favorable social environment for women?
Ans. Right to equal share in property, Dowry Prohibition Act, Act against sexual harassment, and Domestic Violence Prohibition Act have created a favourable environment for the protection and freedom of women.
4. Which decision of the court has resulted in protection of honor and dignity of women?
Ans. Considering the problems of women, several policies have been adopted at national and international levels to remove illiteracy and create opportunities for their development.
Q.6. EXPRESS YOUR VIEWS
1. What steps should be taken to stop injustice done to the Backward Classes?
Answer:
• The government should strictly implement laws that prohibit discrimination on the basis of caste and social status.
• Educational opportunities and employment reservations should be effectively provided to backward classes.
• Awareness campaigns should be conducted to promote social equality and remove caste-based prejudices.
• Economic development programmes should focus on uplifting weaker sections.
