1.Rewrite the statements by choosing the appropriate options:
(Andaman and Nicobar, August Kranti, Vinoba Bhave)
(1) Vinoba Bhave was the first stayagrahi of Individual satyagraha.
(2) The nation wide movement of 1942 is also called August Kranti.
(3) In November 1943, Japan conquered Andaman and Nicobar islands and
handed them over to Azad Hind Government.
2. Explain the following statements with reasons.
(1) In November 1939, provincial ministers of Indian National Congress
gave their resignations.
Ans. (1) When the Second World War began in 1939, Viceroy Lord Linlithgo declared that India has joined the war on the side of the British. (2) As England claimed that it was fighting to save Democracy in Europe the Congress demanded that if the claim was true then England should immediately grant freedom to India. (3) England refused to fulfill this demand and therefore the provincial ministers of Indian National Congress resigned in November 1939.
(2) The Indian National Army had to lay down their arms.
Ans. (1) The Indian National Army was formed with the help of the Japanese forces. (2) Between 1942 and 1945, it was involved in various military operations fighting alongside the Japanese forces and against the British forces. (3) The campaign of Imphal remained incomplete because Japan stopped helping the Indian National Army. (4) In the same period in August 1945, Japan accepted defeat in the Second World War. (5) On 18 August 1945, Subhash Chandra Bose died in a plane accident. On this background the soldiers of the Indian National Army had to lay down their arms.
(3) The Parallel Government became a source of inspiration to the people.
Ans. (1) At some places in the country, British officers were driven out and the ‘People’s Government’ or the Parallel Government’ was established. (2) Many constructive work was done by this government such as opposition to money lenders, prohibition on liquor, spread of literacy, opposition to caste distinctions. (3) Due to this, the Parallel Government became a source of inspiration for the public.
3. Complete the following table.
Ans.
4. Answer the following questions in brief.
(1) How do you find the contribution of Shirishkumar to be inspirational?
Ans. (1) The school students also contributed in the freedom movement. (2) At Nandurbar, the school children, under the leadership of Shirishkumar, carried out procession holding the tricolour flag. The slogan of ‘Vande Mataram’ was given. (3) The police became furious and opened firing on small children. In this firing, Shirishkumar became martyr.
(2) Why did the British Prime Minister send Sir Stafford Cripps to India?
Ans. (1) During the Second World War, England supported America against Japan. The Japanese army reached the eastern borders of India. (2) The British realised that if Japan attacks India, then they will need co-operation from the Indians. (3) Hence the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill sent Sir Stafford Cripps to India to set put up a proposal of India in front of the Indians.
(3) What kind of reaction was seen during the spread of news of arrest of main leaders of the Indian National Congress?
Ans. (1) When the news of arrest of important leaders of the Indian National Congress spread out all over the country the angry mob took out processions at various places. (2) The people were not afraid of police lathi-charge and firing. (3) The agitators attacked some places jails, police stations, railway stations etc., which symbolized the suppressive policy of the British. They tried to take control of Government offices. (4) In Maharashtra, the young and old struggled with determination and boundless courage at various places like Chimur, Ashti, Yavali, Mahad, Gargoti etc. and made the struggle immortal.