Chapter 7 :Sports And History
Q.l. (A) Choose the correct option from the given options and complete the statement.
1. The ancient event of Olympic competition used to be held at a …………….
(A) Olympia Greece (B) Roman (C) India (D) China
2. The wooden dolls made in Maharashtra for known as …………….
(A) Thaki (B) Kali Chandika (C) Gangavathi (D) Champavati
3. 29th August, the birth date of …………… is celebrated as the National Sports Day in India.
(A) Khashaba Jadhav (B) Major Dhyanchand (C) Bal Pandit (D) Sachin Tendulkar
4. An ivory doll made by Indian craftsmen was found in the excavation of …………… an ancient in Italy.
(A) Pompeii (B) Rome (C) Sicily (D) Lombardy
5. …………… game and its various tactics were devised by Balambhat Deodhar.
(A) Kho-kho (B) Atyapatya (C) Kabaddi (D) Mallakhamb
(B) Identify the wrong pair in the following and rewrite.
1.
i. Mallakhamb – Outdoor game based on physical skills
ii. Water polo – Water sports
iii. Skating – Adventurous
iv. Chess – Outdoor game
Ans: Wrong pair: Chess – Outdoor game
2.
i. Balambhat Deodhar – Mallakhamb
ii. Khashaba Jadhav – Football
iii. Major Dhyan Chand – Hockey
iv. Sachin Tendulkar – Cricket
Ans: Wrong pair: Khashaba Jadhav – Football
3.
i. Vyayamshala of Jummadada and Manikrao – Vadodara
ii. Khasbag Talim and Motibag Talim – Solapur
iii. Hanuman Vyayam Prasarak Mandal – Amaravati.
iv. Shri Shiv Chhatrapati Kreeda Sankul – Balewadi, Pune
Ans: Wrong pair: Khasbag Talim and Motibag Talim – Solapur
2 (A) Complete the following Concept chart :
Ans.
Q.2. (B) Write notes
1. Toys and festivals
Ans:
(1) The various equipments and things that are used for entertaining and educating children are called toys.
(2) Sometimes toys are used during certain festivals.
(3) Their use gives a glimpse of the religious and cultural traditions of a particular country.
For e.g. Model forts are made as a part of traditional Diwali celebrations in Maharashtra. Clay images of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, his soldiers and also people & animals are placed on these forts. Through this tradition, the memory of the importance of forts in the history of Maharashtra is kept alive.
2. Sports and movies
Ans:
(1) Some movies on sports and biography of players have been released in various languages in the recent times.
(2) For e.g. ‘Mary Korn’ is a movie based on the life of Mary Kom, the first Indian female boxer and ‘Dangal’ is a movie which is based on the life story of the Phogat sisters, the first Indian female wrestlers.
(3) The process of making a movie involves deep study of the particular period to be depicted, the language, dressing style, social life, etc. of that period.
(4) Students of history, who are well-trained to do research of this kind, help in making movies.
Q.3. Explain the following statement with reasons.
1. Currently the structure of sports economy has been significantly affected.
Ans:
(1) Globalisation of several sports took place in the 20th and 21st century. The live telecasts of several International sports are shown. As a result, even though a particular country is not participating in the game, yet people of such countries still enjoy these matches.
(2) Also the sportsmen watch matches to learn from them, while fans watch matches for entertainment.
(3) Retired sportsmen, by acting as commentators, get an opportunity to explain the nuances of the game to spectators during these matches.
(4) Moreover, industrial and commercial companies use these matches as a great opportunity to advertise their ware.
Due to all these reasons, the structure of sports economy has been significantly affected.
2. Toys can tell us about cultural history.
Ans:
(1) Sometimes toys are used during certain festivals. Their use gives a glimpse of the religious and cultural traditions of a particular country. For e.g. Model forts are made as a part of traditional Diwali celebrations in Maharashtra. Through this tradition, the memory of the importance of forts in the history of Maharashtra is kept alive.
(2) Similarly, an ivory doll made by Indian craftsmen was found in the excavation of Pompeii, an ancient city in Italy which is dated to 1st century C.E. This artefact throws light on the Indo-Roman trade relations which existed even during the ancient period. It also tells us about cultural contacts which existed between nations in ancient times.
Thus, the use of toys by a particular country tell us its cultural history.
4. Read the following extract and answer the questions.
Bal J. Pandit was the first Indian cricketer to pioneer cricket commentary. People used to listen very eagerly to his broadcasts from Akashvani. His wellstudied
commentaries were full of information about the history of the playground, career history of the players, anecdotes about the game, and established records of the game. His commentaries used to be entertaining because of these historical details.
1. Who is the first Indian cricketer to pioneer cricket commentary?
Ans: Bal J. Pandit is the first Indian cricketer to pioneer cricket commentary.
2. What type of great knowledge does Bal J. Pandit has?
Ans: Bal J. Pandit has great knowledge of games and its history.
3. Write the features of Pandit commentary.
Ans: The special features of the cricket commentary given by Bal J. Pandit were as follows:
i. They were entertaining because it gave all the historical details related to the sportsmen and the game.
ii. It gave information about the history of the game and the history of the playground.
iii. It also provided information about the career history of the players, anecdotes about the game and the established records of the cricketer and the game.
Q.5. Write detailed answers to the following questions.
1. Write about the history of sports equipment and toys in ancient India.
Ans: Introduction: The various colourful equipments and things that are used for entertaining and educating children are called toys. In India, toys were made even during the ancient period.
(1) Clay toys made from clay have been found in the archaeological excavations of ancient places. It was noted that these toys were made either by hand or by using moulds.
(2) References of dolls can be found in the ancient Indian literature.
(3) In Kathasaritsagara, has very interesting descriptions of games and toys.
(4) In addition, a Sanskrit play by Shudraka is named as Mrichchhakatika which means a clay cart.
(5) In India, there are regional traditions of making dolls. For e.g. In Maharashtra, dolls were made of wood which were known as Thaki.
(6) In ancient period, dolls were exported to Rome. An ivory doll made by Indian craftsmen was found in the excavation of Pompeii, an ancient city in Italy which is dated to 1st century C.E.
Conclusion: From the ancient literature and the archaeological excavations, one can understand the history of the game materials (sports equipments) and toys in India.
2. Explain the close tie between sports and history.
Ans: Introduction: Though sports and history are very different subjects, they are correlated with each other.
(1) There are certain ancient texts which give information about the types of Sports played. For e.g. The ancient Indian literature and epics mention various games such as games of dice, wrestling, Horse charipot races and chess. This means in order to understand to types of sports which existed in ancient period one has to take help of history.
(2) Moreover, deep knowledge of history is required in certain fields related to sports.
a. Experts in the field of history are required in the field of sports journalism. Their knowledge of history is needed to write articles, reviews about sports events like Olympics or Asiad or national and international matches.
b. In order to work as commentators to various sports, good knowledge of the history of the playground, statistics, previous records, eminent players, historical anecdotes, etc. related to the concerned game is needed.
Conclusion: Thus, it can be said that there is a close tie between sports and history.
3. Explain the difference between indoor games and outdoor games.
Ans.
Indoor Games
(1) Nature: They are played by sitting at one place within a closed environment.
(2) Rules: Indoor games have fun rules and it is not tough. For e.g. Bhatukali, Sagargote. Exceptions: chess, carrom, etc. which have technical and sophisticated rules.
(3) Necessity for prior preparation/fitness: In indoor games, less physical energy is required as compared to outdoor games.
(4) Environmental restrains: No environmental restrains come into factor in case of indoor games. For e.g. As it is played within a closed environment, changes in weather do not affect the game.
(5) Examples: Bhatukali, Cards, Carrom, Chess, etc.
Outdoor Games
(1) Nature: They are played in an open and wide place.
(2) Rules: They have more technical and sophisticated rules than indoor games. The player ought to follow the rules.
(3) Necessity for prior preparation/fitness: As outdoor games take more effort and physical energy to play than indoor games, physical fitness is given more importance.
(4) Environmental restrains: Certain environmental restrains come into factor in case of outdoor games. For e.g. Cricket matches sometimes get postponed due to rain.
(5) Examples: Cricket, Hockey, Football, Kabaddi, etc.